[大数据]Spark-2 Hadoop 2.x部署

2024-04-30

大数据>部署

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1.下载

地址：https://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.10.1/hadoop-2.10.1.tar.gz

在主节点上执行：

下载:wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.10.1/hadoop-2.10.1.tar.gz
解压:tar -zxvf hadoop-2.10.1.tar.gz

进入文件夹:cd ~/hadoop-2.10.1/
查看下载软件的版本:./bin/hadoop version

2.修改配置

2.1 修改slaves

在主节点上执行：

修改 slaves 文件: vim ~/hadoop-2.10.1/etc/hadoop/slaves

修改为：

1 2	ecnu02 ecnu03

2.2 修改core-site

修改 core-site.xml: vim ~/hadoop-2.10.1/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
    <value>/home/dase-dis/hadoop-2.10.1/tmp</value>
  </property>
  <!--以下填写主节点主机名-->
  <property>
    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
    <value>hdfs://ecnu01:9999</value>
  </property>
</configuration>

2.3 修改hdfs-site

修改 hdfs-site.xml: vim ~/hadoop-2.10.1/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>dfs.replication</name>
    <value>2</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
    <value>file:/home/dase-dis/hadoop-2.10.1/tmp/dfs/name</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
    <value>file:/home/dase-dis/hadoop-2.10.1/tmp/dfs/name</value>
  </property>
</configuration>

2.4 修改hadoop-env

修改 hadoop-env.sh: vim ~/hadoop-2.10.1/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh
将JAVA_HOME改为：

1	export JAVA_HOME=/home/dase-dis/jdk1.8.0_202

2.5 拷贝安装包

好了好了，终于改完了，接下来将改好的这份hadoop拷贝到其余三台机：

拷贝到从节点1：scp -r /home/dase-dis/hadoop-2.10.1 dase-dis@ecnu02:/home/dase-dis/
拷贝到从节点2：scp -r /home/dase-dis/hadoop-2.10.1 dase-dis@ecnu03:/home/dase-dis/
拷贝到客户端：scp -r /home/dase-dis/hadoop-2.10.1 dase-dis@ecnu04:/home/dase-dis/

其实打包一下拷贝会更加好的，这里偷懒了

3.启动HDFS服务

3.1 格式化

注意: 仅在第一次启动 HDFS 时才需要格式化 NameNode，如果是重启HDFS那么跳过这步，直接执行下一步即可。此外，在进行 NameNode 格式化之前，如果~/hadoop-2.10.1/tmp/文件夹已存在，那么需要删除该文件夹后再执行以下格式化命令。

如果启动时炸了，CTRL+C了，断电了，请参考后文解决办法，可能仍然需要格式化

格式化命令: ~/hadoop-2.10.1/bin/hdfs namenode -format

3.2 启动

启动：~/hadoop-2.10.1/sbin/start-dfs.sh

3.3 验证

验证：jps
主节点

从节点

浏览器访问http://主节点IP:50070/，（如果主节点是云服务器记得把防火墙打开）

开防火墙：

集群工作正常：

查看节点信息：

3.4 集群异常解决

如果因为一些情况导致集群第一次没有启动成功，请在主、从节点：

在主节点, 停止集群：~/hadoop-2.10.1/sbin/stop-dfs.sh
删除运行生成文件：cd ~/hadoop-2.10.1/tmp/dfs && rm -rf *
删除日志：cd ~/hadoop-2.10.1/logs && rm -rf *
解决端口占用：sudo reboot
在主节点, 重新执行格式化命令：~/hadoop-2.10.1/bin/hdfs namenode -format

云服务器可能会出现的错误

错误日志：

提示绑定错误或2024-04-30 16:06:52,547 INFO org.apache.hadoop.util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 1: java.net.BindException: Problem binding to [ecnu01:9000] java.net.BindException: Cannot assign requested address; For more details see: http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/BindException的
检查文章spark-1 中提到的hosts设置是否正确, 设置好了不会出现这种情况
参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/xiaosa5211234554321/article/details/119627974
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/HADOOP2/BindException

4.HDFS Shell

注意:第一次使用 HDFS 时,需要首先在 HDFS 中创建用户目录

打开工作目录: cd ~/hadoop-2.10.1
为当前 dase-dis 用户创建一个用户根目录: ./bin/hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /user/dase-dis

HDFS Shell目录操作示例:

显示 hdfs:///user/dase-dis 下的文件: ./bin/hdfs dfs -ls /user/dase-dis
新建 hdfs:///user/dase-dis/input 目录: ./bin/hdfs dfs -mkdir /user/dase-dis/input
删除 hdfs:///user/dase-dis/input 目录: ./bin/hdfs dfs -rm -r /user/dase-dis/input

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